Journal: Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)

Article Title: Multivariate Analysis of Protein-Nanoparticle Binding Data Reveals a Selective Effect of Nanoparticle Material on the Formation of Soft Corona.

doi: 10.3390/nano13212901

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 1. Binding curves (τ versus protein concentration) of protein–nanoparticle mixtures. The top panels show the adsorption isotherms obtained by mixing SA (a), TF (b) and PT (c) with silica nanoparticles. The bottom panels show SA (d), TF (e) and PT (f) mixtures with gold nanoparticles. The dashed curves on each panel represent the fits of the experimental data to the Langmuir–Hill equation, from which the parameters in Table 1 have been computed. Error bars represent the standard error of the mean over four repeats. Circle markers identify SA, square markers identify TF and triangle markers identify PT. Blue markers indicate data obtained for silica nanoparticles, while orange markers identify gold nanoparticles.

Article Snippet: A quantity of 100 nm silica nanoparticles was purchased from Polysciences as a 5% solid colloidal suspension in water, while 100 nm gold nanoparticles were purchased from NanoComposix as a 0.05 mg/mL colloidal suspension in 2 mM sodium citrate.

Techniques: Binding Assay, Protein Concentration, Adsorption

Journal: Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)

Article Title: Multivariate Analysis of Protein-Nanoparticle Binding Data Reveals a Selective Effect of Nanoparticle Material on the Formation of Soft Corona.

doi: 10.3390/nano13212901

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 3. The effects of protein type on KD (a) and τmax (b) in mixtures of silica (blue bars) and gold (orange bars) nanoparticles. Error bars represent the standard error of estimates and asterisks identify groups that are statistically different from the others (* p < 0.05).

Article Snippet: A quantity of 100 nm silica nanoparticles was purchased from Polysciences as a 5% solid colloidal suspension in water, while 100 nm gold nanoparticles were purchased from NanoComposix as a 0.05 mg/mL colloidal suspension in 2 mM sodium citrate.

Techniques:

Journal: Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)

Article Title: Multivariate Analysis of Protein-Nanoparticle Binding Data Reveals a Selective Effect of Nanoparticle Material on the Formation of Soft Corona.

doi: 10.3390/nano13212901

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 4a shows that the KD of TF and PT is much lower, indicating higher affinity, for gold nanoparticles compared to silica nanoparticles. However, in the case of SA, there is no significant difference in KD between the two nanoparticle materials. On the other hand, while the τmax of TF and PT is similar for both nanoparticle materials, SA forms a significantly thinner protein corona on silica nanoparticles compared to gold (Figure 4b). In Figure 4b, the τmax values were compared to the expected thickness τex for a protein monolayer. The exact arrangement and space occupied by the adsorbed proteins is unknown, but the measured thickness was compared to a monolayer formed by proteins approximated to spheres packed at the maximum density on the nanoparticle surface. In this configuration, τex is equivalent to the diameter of the sphere approximating SA, TF and PT, which was calculated based on existing models, resulting in values of 5.4, 5.7 and 5.5 nm for SA, TF and PT, respectively [29,30]. The data in Figure 4b show that τmax is thicker than τex in all cases, except for SA on silica nanoparticles, suggesting that the protein soft corona of the single-protein mixtures presents multiple layers of protein in all cases, except for SA on silica nanoparticles, where the estimated τmax value is compatible with a monolayer.

Article Snippet: A quantity of 100 nm silica nanoparticles was purchased from Polysciences as a 5% solid colloidal suspension in water, while 100 nm gold nanoparticles were purchased from NanoComposix as a 0.05 mg/mL colloidal suspension in 2 mM sodium citrate.

Techniques:

Journal: Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)

Article Title: Multivariate Analysis of Protein-Nanoparticle Binding Data Reveals a Selective Effect of Nanoparticle Material on the Formation of Soft Corona.

doi: 10.3390/nano13212901

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 4. The effects of nanoparticle material on KD (a) and τmax (b) in SA, TF and PT mixtures. Blue bars indicate silica nanoparticles, while orange bars indicate gold nanoparticles. Error bars represent the standard error of estimates and asterisks identify groups that are statistically different from the others (* p < 0.05). The dashed lines in (b) represent the value of τex, which is the expected thickness for a monolayer of the relevant protein.

Article Snippet: A quantity of 100 nm silica nanoparticles was purchased from Polysciences as a 5% solid colloidal suspension in water, while 100 nm gold nanoparticles were purchased from NanoComposix as a 0.05 mg/mL colloidal suspension in 2 mM sodium citrate.

Techniques:

Journal: Advanced Science

Article Title: Nanorepairers Rescue Inflammation‐Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Mesenchymal Stem Cells

doi: 10.1002/advs.202103839

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic representation of the structure and function of METP NPs as well as how si β ‐catenin loaded METP NPs (METP/si β ‐catenin) sweep dysfunctional mitochondria and restore the function of mitochondria and MSCs. Chronic inflammation leads to excess Ca 2+ transfer to mitochondria, which causes mitochondria calcium overload and the further damage of mitochondrial. Moreover, the damaged mitochondria continuously accumulate in MSCs due to the inhibition of mitophagy by the activation of Wnt/ β ‐catenin pathway under chronic inflammation condition (inhibiting the transfer from LC3II to LC3I for autophagosome formation in PDLSCs while decreasing the expression of pink1 and parkin to initiate mitophagy in BMMSCs), which impair the function of MSCs. Intracellular microenvironments (esterase and low pH)‐responsive nanoparticles are devised to capture Ca 2+ around mitochondria in MSCs for regulating its mitochondria calcium flux against dysfunction of mitochondria, as well as to deliver si β ‐catenin in MSCs to inhibit its Wnt/ β ‐catenin pathway for regulating mitophagy of dysfunctional mitochondria. The precision‐engineered nanoparticles, termed METP NPs, involve an amino functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN‐NH2) core as nanocarrier for si β ‐catenin loading and pH triggered si β ‐catenin release in targeted MSCs, an ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (EGTA)/TPP composite shell as mitochondria‐targeted Ca 2+ trapper, as well as a PEG corona connected with EGTA segments via ester bond. The ester bond would be cleaved by esterase to detach PEG corona after the endocytosis of MSCs, resulting in the activation of EGTA only in targeted MSCs, which was designed to avoid the disturbance of unexpected Ca 2+ capture in the extracellular matrix.

Article Snippet: Precision‐engineered nanoparticles involve a positively charged mesoporous silica nanoparticle (TMA‐MSN) core as a nanocarrier for siRNA loading and pH‐triggered siRNA release in targeted MSCs, an ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (EGTA, calcium chelator)/triphenylphosphine (TPP, mitochondrial targeting agent) composite shell to trap mitochondria‐related Ca 2+ , and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) corona connected with EDTA segments via ester bonds.

Techniques: Inhibition, Activation Assay, Expressing